Geological data, geophysics and modelling of the mantle

Introduction & Motivation

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"Reason --> moving plates"

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"Geochemical/geological"

Geophysical Observations

"How to proceed:"

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Geophysical Observations

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Hotspots:

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Seismic evidence for a mantle plume

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Wavefront healing:

What todo ??

origin unclear,
very hard to see using seismic,
not in fluid-dynamical models

Concluding from seismology:

Paleomagnetism:

Estimating the parameters for convection:

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Material parameters from experiments

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Concluding