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In the absence of a toroidal flow component:
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- tracer move on
the surface of torii
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- the symmetry
planes of the temperature field confine the
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torii
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- material is
communicated between the boundaries and the
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interia of the
cell
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A torodial flow
component
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- can be
generated by a finite Prandtl number or by
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boundary conditions
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- this leads to
the coexistence of regular and chaotic
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mixing regions
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- the mixing
efficiency is greatly enhanced by these regions
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